00:00:00
one|Lesson 141~144
Lesson 141~142
✨课文
Preview
是否显示中文翻译
Last week, my four-year-old daughter, Sally, was invited to a children's party.
I decided to take her by train. Sally was very excited because she had never travelled on a train before.
She sat near the window and asked questions about everything she saw.
Suddenly, a middle-aged lady got on the train and sat opposite Sally.
'Hello, little girl,' she said.
Sally did not answer, but looked at her curiously.
The lady was dressed in a blue coat and a large, funny hat.
After the train had left the station, the lady opened her handbag and took out her powder compact. She then began to make up her face.
Why are you doing that? Sally asked.
To make myself beautiful, the lady answered. She put away her compact and smiled kindly.
But you are still ugly, Sally said.
Sally was amused, but I was very embarrassed!
课文理解
✨单词
被动语态
英语的被动语态要比汉语的简单：因为汉语中并没有限定哪些动词只能用来表示被动，相反的则是所有动词都可以表示主动或被动，这取决于你从什么角度去看待这个动词
举个栗子：饭做好了。短短四个字就能表达清楚意思，既省略了主语，也没有出现关键字眼被，这时就很难区分这是主动语态还是被动语态了，只能靠听话人自己猜。如果从说话人的角度出发，那么很大概率说话人就是做饭这一动作的主语，这时就是汉语中的主动语态。而如果你的关注点在饭，那么这时就是被动语态，此时饭作为主语，它是可能是被说话人或其他某个人给做出来的，至于是谁做的并不在乎
⚡本课重点
英语动词也有主动语态和被动语态之分。在主动句中，动词的主语是执行动作的人或物；而在被动句中，主语则是动作的承受者。换言之，就是把主动句中的「直接宾语」变成了「主语」
主动语态：这里特指的是主谓宾结构，即 主语+V+宾语，其中的动词基本都是及物动词，因为其后面必须跟宾语
被动语态：当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，把主动句中的「直接宾语」转为「主语」即可，其核心结构为 be+V.pp.，过去分词不一定指过去。被动语态可以避免用不明确的词作主语，或是将重点放在事件本身而不是造成该事件的人或物上，强调的是动作的承受者
肯定句：
主语+be+V.pp.(+其他)e.g. My phone was made in China.
否定句：只需在
be的后面加上not即可。主语+be+not+V.pp.(+其他)e.g. My phone wasn’t made in China.
一般疑问句：只需将
be提到句首(主语前面)即可。Be+主语+V.pp.(+其他)e.g. Was your phone made in China?
特殊疑问句：在一般疑问句的句首加上特殊疑问词并去掉答案。
特殊疑问词+be+主语+V.pp.(+其他)e.g. My phone was made in China. => Was your phone made in China? => Where was your phone made?
先把陈述句中的
be动词提到句首得到一般疑问句，再用where对一般疑问句中的答案in China进行提问，并将where提到句首
八种常见的被动语态结构
| 时态 | 结构 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 一般现在时 | am/is/are+V.pp. | The room is aired regularly. |
| 一般过去时 | was/were+V.pp. | This house was built a hundred years ago. |
| 一般将来时 | will/shall+be+V.pp. | The floor will be swept soon. |
| 现在进行时 | am/is/are+being+V.pp. | The rooms are being painted. |
| 过去进行时 | was/were+being+V.pp. | The house was being built at this time last year. |
| 现在完成时 | have/has+been+V.pp. | The basket has already been emptied. |
| 过去完成时 | had+been+V.pp. | He had been considered to be a greater leader. |
| 情态动词 | 情态动词+be+V.pp. | Your room must be cleaned every day. |
Lesson 143~144
✨课文
Preview
是否显示中文翻译
I live in a very old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods. It is a famous beauty spot.
On Sundays, hundreds of people come from the city to see our town and to walk throught the woods.
Visitors have been asked to keep the woods clean and tidy. Litter baskets have been placed under the trees, but people still throw their rabbish everywhere.
Last Wednesday, I went for a walk in the woods. What I saw made me very sad.
I counted seven old cars and three old refrigerators. The litter baskets were empty and the ground was covered with pieces of paper, cigarette ends, old tyres, empty bottles and rusty tins.
Among the rubbish, I found a sign which said, 'Anyone who leaves litter in these woods will be prosecuted!'
课文理解
✨单词